Last Updated on February 15, 2023 by Shabnam Sengupta
Cyst is a general term for a cavity or sac that contains fluid and can develop anywhere in the body. It should be underlined, not all ovarian cysts impact fertility. In actuality, the normal ovulation process results in the formation of functional cysts. As a result, this article provides an overview of ovulation, the different kinds of ovarian cysts that result from it, and the ovarian cysts which can affect ovulation.
What precisely is ovulation?
One stage of your menstrual cycle is ovulation. It occurs as a result of an ovarian egg being released. At the time of release, the egg may or may not have been fertilized by sperm. The egg might travel to the uterus if it is fertilized, where it will implant and develop into a pregnancy. During your period, the uterine lining sheds and the egg disintegrates if it is not fertilized.
If you are aware of the timing and mechanics of ovulation, it may be simpler to conceive or to avoid conceiving. It can also help with the diagnosis of a few medical conditions.
How do functional ovarian cysts work?
A fluid-filled sac that develops on an ovary is known as a functional ovarian cyst. During ovulation, a sac typically develops to house a developing egg. After the egg is released, the sac usually disappears. However, the sac may swell up with fluid if an egg is not released or if the sac closes after the egg is released. The
functional cysts that may develop during a woman’s regular monthly menstrual cycle mainly include:
- A follicular cyst: This type develops when an ovarian sac doesn’t release an egg and fills with fluid instead.
- A luteal cyst: This cystic type develops when the sac ruptures, releases an egg, then seals again to release fluid.
It should be noted that both of these cysts usually cause no harm and go away on their own within 1-3 months. Additionally, corpus luteum cysts are crucial for pregnant women because they produce progesterone, which is necessary for the first 8–10 weeks of pregnancy.
Which conditions necessitate surgical removal of the functional cysts?
Several cyst types have been linked to decreased fertility. Cysts brought on by endometriosis and PCOS are primarily among them. However, functional cysts do not typically make it more difficult to become pregnant, though. While follicular cysts enlarge as a result of hormonal stimulation, corpus luteum cysts are always present during pregnancy and typically go away by the end of the first trimester. Haemorrhagic cysts can form from both follicular and corpus luteum cysts. These haemorrhagic cysts require urgent medical treatment.
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