Esophageal cancer, often diagnosed at advanced stages, originates in the esophagus lining. Risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, and acid reflux. Symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and weight loss may manifest late in the disease. Diagnosis involves endoscopy, biopsies, and imaging tests. Treatment options depend on cancer stage and may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Prognosis is often poor due to late diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of early detection through regular screenings for high-risk individuals. Supportive care, palliative measures, and advancements in treatment modalities aim to improve outcomes and quality of life for esophageal cancer patients.
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