Last Updated on November 6, 2023 by Nazma
Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that can develop during pregnancy in women who don’t already have diabetes. This article discusses whether if gestational diabetes can cause miscarriages, if it does, then how does diabetes cause miscarriage. We also summarized the preventative measures.
Can diabetes cause a miscarriage in pregnancy?
It is possible. High blood sugar levels can increase the risk of complications during pregnancy, including the risk of miscarriage in the absence of proper treatment. However, proper treatment and management can reduce the risk significantly. It is important for gestational diabetes patients to closely follow their treatment plan. You must closely work with your healthcare provider to minimise any potential risks, such as miscarriage during pregnancy.
How does gestational diabetes affect the fetus?
Gestational diabetes can increase the risk of miscarriage in several ways. High blood sugar levels can lead to excessive growth of the foetus. This can increase the risk of complications during delivery. In GDM, a higher amount of blood glucose passes through the placenta into foetal circulation, because of which extra glucose in the foetus is stored as body fat, causing fetal macrosomia (study), which is also called ‘large for gestational age.’
Additionally, GDM can also cause the placenta to become overworked, leading to a condition called placental insufficiency. This can result in poor fetal growth and an increased risk of stillbirth or early delivery. GDM that is detected in the late gestational period affects placental function to a greater extent. Moreover, studies suggest that diabetic placental changes are associated with inflammation and oxidative stress that can lead to the chronic foetal hypoxia.
High blood sugar levels can also increase the risk of pre-eclampsia. It is a serious pregnancy complication that can lead to premature delivery and increase the risk of miscarriage. In addition, uncontrolled gestational diabetes can increase the risk of birth defects and increase the chances of the baby being born with an elevated birth weight. This can increase the risk of birth injuries and complicate delivery.
How can miscarriage be prevented in gestational diabetes?
The miscarriage prevention due to gestational diabetes is possible by closely monitoring and controlling blood sugar levels through:
- Diet: Following a healthy and balanced diet that is low in sugars and carbohydrates can help regulate blood sugar levels.
- Exercise: Regular physical activity can help lower blood sugar levels and improve overall health.
- Medications: Taking insulin or oral medications as prescribed by a healthcare provider can help regulate blood sugar levels.
- Regular prenatal care: Regular prenatal care, including routine ultrasound scans and monitoring of foetal growth, can help detect and address any potential problems early.
Remember, it is crucial to work closely with your doctor and dietician and follow the recommended treatment plan of miscarriage prevention and the risk of complications.
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