Last Updated on December 21, 2023 by Shabnam Sengupta
Anaemia causes a deficiency of red blood cells to decrease haemoglobin levels. It can significantly impact the oxygen-carrying capacity of the body. One specific subtype, chronic disease anaemia, differs from transient or mild forms in various aspects, primarily in its prolonged nature and association with underlying health conditions. In this article, we will explain chronic anaemia and how it is different from other types of anaemia.
What is chronic anaemia?
Chronic anaemia is also termed as anaemia of chronic disease or anaemia of inflammation. It occurs from existing health ailments that inhibit the body’s ability to produce an adequate number of red blood cells. Unlike typical anaemia caused by blood loss, this type emerges from long-term medical conditions such as cancer (like non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, breast cancer), kidney diseases, autoimmune disorders (rheumatoid arthritis, lupus), and persistent infections (HIV, tuberculosis). Distinguishing chronic anaemia from typical forms lies in its persistence and connection to ongoing health issues. Unlike standard anaemia resulting from nutritional deficiencies or acute blood loss, this type of anaemia is a continuous state, often intertwined with chronic diseases.
What are the symptoms of chronic anaemia?
Recognizing the symptoms is vital for timely intervention. These may include a persistent feeling of weakness, fatigue, pale skin, shortness of breath, and a rapid heartbeat. It is essential to note that these indicators can be overshadowed by the presence of underlying conditions, complicating diagnosis.
How to treat chronic anaemia?
Treatment of chronic anaemia primarily focuses on managing the underlying condition responsible for its onset. For instance, patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) might receive medications to alleviate inflammation, subsequently aiding in resolving the associated chronic anaemia. However, in specific cases like kidney disease-related anaemia or when nutritional deficiencies are present, targeted treatments such as vitamin supplements or synthetic erythropoietin might be recommended.
What are recommended dietary modifications?
Dietary adjustments play a crucial role in managing chronic anaemia, especially when deficiencies in iron, folic acid, or vitamin B-12 are evident. Foods rich in these nutrients can aid in replenishing these deficiencies and support red blood cell production.
What are the other types of anaemia?
Several forms anaemia exist, such as:
- Iron deficiency anaemia: Resulting from insufficient iron intake or absorption.
- Vitamin deficiency anaemia: Due to inadequate levels of vitamin B-12 or folic acid.
- Aplastic anaemia: A rare condition affecting bone marrow’s blood cell production.
- Hemolytic anaemia: Occurs when red blood cells disintegrate prematurely.
- Sickle cell anaemia: An inherited disorder causing abnormal, rigid red blood cells.
Chronic anaemia, an intricate aspect of various chronic diseases, necessitates comprehensive management by addressing both the underlying condition and associated blood deficiencies. Individuals suspecting chronic anaemia should consult healthcare providers for a thorough evaluation, including a complete blood count (CBC) test to ascertain the condition and explore tailored treatment options.
Incorporating appropriate dietary changes, addressing the underlying health condition, and adhering to the prescribed treatments collectively form the cornerstone of managing chronic anaemia, thereby improving overall health and well-being.
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