Tuberculosis (TB) is a potentially serious infectious disease that mainly affects the lungs but can also impact other parts of the body. Caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, TB spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Common symptoms include a persistent cough that lasts more than three weeks, chest pain, coughing up blood, fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and fever. Effective treatment requires a long-term regimen of antibiotics, typically lasting at least six months. Early diagnosis and consistent treatment are critical to prevent the spread of TB and manage health outcomes effectively, especially in regions with high incidence rates.
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