Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). It can become chronic, leading to long-term liver complications such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. Transmission occurs through contact with infected bodily fluids, often from mother to child during birth, through unprotected sex, or via contaminated needles. Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain, although many may not experience any symptoms initially. Vaccination is the most effective prevention against HBV. Current treatments focus on managing symptoms and reducing viral load with antiviral medications, which help to slow the progression of the disease and improve liver health.
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