Traveling through the several phases of a woman’s reproductive life is like traveling across a landscape with numerous layers, each with its own geology of experiences and changes. Dynamic shifts in hormone balance and physiological processes characterize the journey from the early stages of premenopause to the transitional perimenopause and ultimately later menopause stages. Comprehending the subtle distinctions among these stages is essential for health management. Also, this enables women to go through this life-changing experience with assurance and wisdom.
What is premenopause?
The early stage of a woman’s reproductive life before perimenopause and menopause stage begins is known as premenopause. Dr Chandrika Anand, Consultant-Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Fortis Hospitals, Nagarbhavi, Bengaluru says, “Menstrual cycles usually continue to be regular during this period, and hormonal changes are generally mild in comparison to subsequent phases.” Women normally go through premenopause when their ovaries gradually stop functioning. Progesterone and estrogen, two vital hormones that control fertility and the menstrual cycle, originate in the ovaries. The quantity of egg-producing ovarian follicles in women ages, which finally results in a reduction in hormone production and the end of menstruation.
What is perimenopause?
The transitional stage before menopause, known as perimenopause, usually starts in a woman’s 40s. It stands out by outward manifestations put on by a reduction in estrogen and other sex hormones. This stage is known by some medical professionals as the ‘menopause transition’. Period irregularities and abnormalities, hot flashes, nocturnal sweats, breast tenderness, weight gain, higher PMS symptoms, hair thinning, constipation, changes in libido and vaginal dryness, headaches, mood swings, increased heart rate, susceptibility to UTIs, and difficulties conceiving are common signs and symptoms of perimenopause.
What is the menopause stage?
Menopause signifies the end of a woman’s reproductive years. “It typically occurs when a woman, usually between the ages of 45 and 55, has gone 12 months without having her menstrual cycle”, says Dr Anand. Menopause, however, can occasionally occur early or later. The natural aging process and the progressive ovarian function decline are the causes of this phase. Women experience changes and menopause-related symptoms as they age because their ovaries generate less estrogen and progesterone. Hot flashes, dry vagina, mood swings, sleep issues, and poor sexual function are a few of these symptoms.
For women’s health and well-being, it is crucial to comprehend the pre-menopause, perimenopause, and menopause stages. Every stage has its own set of adjustments and difficulties, but women may handle these shifts more skillfully if they are ready with assistance. Women should talk to their healthcare professionals about any worries or symptoms they may be having during these stages. This enables them to get the right advice and support for menopause management.
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