Macular degeneration is a progressive eye disease affecting the macula, the central part of the retina. It causes blurred or distorted vision, making it difficult to read, recognize faces, or perform daily tasks. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common form, typically affecting people over 50. Risk factors include age, genetics, smoking, and sunlight exposure. Treatment options vary depending on the type and stage of macular degeneration and may include injections, laser therapy, or photodynamic therapy. Early detection and lifestyle changes like quitting smoking and eating a healthy diet rich in antioxidants may help slow its progression.
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