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According to the Epilepsy Foundation, epilepsy is a chronic disorder in which recurrent, unprovoked seizures occur. The diagnosis is confirmed when a patient has two unprovoked seizures that were not caused by any known medical condition that is reversible like low blood sugar or alcoholism. It can affect anyone irrespective of age, gender, and ethnicity.
It is a neurological disorder of the central nervous system in which the brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures or periods of unusual behaviour, sensations, and sometimes loss of awareness or consciousness. The seizures vary from person to person. The patients may have more than one type of seizure and some kind of neurological problems along with it.
Usually, the cause of the seizures is unknown, but in some cases, it can be due to a brain injury or genetic factors. It is diagnosed based on the family history, medical history, and by EEG (electroencephalogram) testing.
The treatment is usually anti-epileptic medications. Rarely, epilepsy resolves on its own.
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