Hereditary diseases play a vital role in medical science. There is very less research in this area of dentistry. Thus, this review compiles the essential aspects associated with hereditary dental conditions, particularly those affecting hard tooth structures.
Can genetic factors cause dental problems?
Dental problems are occasionally hereditary. Genes are the fundamental hereditary building blocks. Genetic disorders result from deviations from the norm in genetic sequences and chromosome structure. And these are a result of various mutations. As a result, genetics play a crucial role in the etiology of many diseases. Likewise, oral health is no exception. And these hereditary factors are increasingly being recognized in the development of various oral conditions. These include dental caries, periodontal problems, dental anomalies, and other oral and maxillofacial disorders.
Which genetic conditions can have an impact on the oral cavity?
There are numerous hereditary systemic conditions that can have an impact on the oral cavity. These genetic abnormalities may include Down’s Syndrome, Klinefelter Syndrome, Apert Syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and Tricho-Dento-Osseous Syndrome. Some of the primary characteristics of these conditions are delay in tooth eruption, supernumerary teeth, missing teeth, and abnormalities in the oral structures.
Can I inherit tooth decay and gum disease?
Yes, sometimes. Even though bacteria in dental plaque are ultimately responsible for tooth decay and gum disease, genetic factors may play a role in both diseases’ progression. Nevertheless, environmental factors such as smoking, diet, and poor oral hygiene are the most influential factors in the development of these conditions.
Is it possible to treat hereditary dental conditions?
Maintaining good oral hygiene is essential for people with genetically acquired dental conditions. Visiting your dentist at least twice a year for regular check-ups can help the individual identify any genetic conditions that may affect their oral health.
The role of these gene defects in the pathogenesis of dental caries, gum disease, and other dental anomalies is becoming clearer. As a result, management usually starts with identifying the defective gene. This aids in the determination of the diagnosis. And this is possible because the human genome project’s progress has greatly increased the feasibility of mapping inherited conditions over the years.
Please understand that, in addition to dental visits, maintaining the best possible dental health at home would assist in ensuring good oral hygiene.
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