Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease, caused by the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries which supply blood to the heart. This buildup can reduce blood flow, leading to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, or other symptoms. Major risk factors include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Prevention and management include lifestyle changes, medication, and possibly surgical interventions like angioplasty or bypass surgery. Early detection through regular check-ups can prevent the progression of CAD and reduce the risk of a heart attack.
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