Colon cancer, a prevalent malignancy, begins in the colon's tissues, often developing from precancerous polyps. Risk factors include age, family history, and lifestyle factors like diet and smoking. Symptoms such as changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, and abdominal discomfort may indicate its presence. Diagnosis involves colonoscopy, imaging tests, and biopsies. Treatment options vary based on cancer stage and may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Prognosis depends on early detection and timely intervention. Screening tests such as colonoscopies are crucial for detecting and preventing colon cancer, highlighting the importance of regular screenings for individuals at risk.
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